Effect of Dress Codes to High School Students’ Behavior, Self-Expression, and Academic Performance as Perceived by Students, Parents, and Teachers

Abstract

The study aimed to explore how dress codes influence students’ behavior, self-expression, and academic performance. It employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating structured and semi-structured surveys along with a thematic analysis to comprehensively analyze participants’ responses. Moreover, convenience sampling was used in gathering data from 40 participants which included students, parents, and teachers of a Catholic School in the City of Baliwag. The findings revealed that most participants believe dress codes promote professionalism, unity, and discipline while reducing peer pressure and distractions. However, there is also a significant concern that strict implementations limit self-expression, reinforce gender stereotypes, and negatively affect students’ body image and self-esteem. While participants support gender neutral uniforms and student involvement in dress code policy decisions, others believe that policies should be determined solely by school authorities. Additionally, the study found a strong desire for flexibility during special events and recognition as well as a need for inclusivity particularly concerning gender-specific attire. Overall, the study suggests while dress codes serve an important function in maintaining order and discipline, they should be updated to better reflect the needs and identities of students. Thus, recommendations are proposed to balance institutional values with student comfort and inclusivity. Keywords: Dress Codes, Educational Policies, Inclusivity, School Environment, Self-Expression, Student Behavior