Effect of Dress Codes to High School Students’ Behavior, Self-Expression, and Academic Performance as Perceived by Students, Parents, and Teachers

Abstract

The study aimed to explore how dress codes influence students’ behavior, self-expression, and
academic performance. It employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating structured and
semi-structured surveys along with a thematic analysis to comprehensively analyze participants’
responses. Moreover, convenience sampling was used in gathering data from 40 participants
which included students, parents, and teachers of a Catholic School in the City of Baliwag. The
findings revealed that most participants believe dress codes promote professionalism, unity,
and discipline while reducing peer pressure and distractions. However, there is also a significant
concern that strict implementations limit self-expression, reinforce gender stereotypes, and
negatively affect students’ body image and self-esteem. While participants support gender
neutral uniforms and student involvement in dress code policy decisions, others believe that
policies should be determined solely by school authorities. Additionally, the study found a
strong desire for flexibility during special events and recognition as well as a need for inclusivity
particularly concerning gender-specific attire. Overall, the study suggests while dress codes
serve an important function in maintaining order and discipline, they should be updated to
better reflect the needs and identities of students. Thus, recommendations are proposed to
balance institutional values with student comfort and inclusivity.
Keywords: Dress Codes, Educational Policies, Inclusivity, School Environment, Self-Expression,
Student Behavior