A Systematic Literature Review of Corporate Social Responsibility
Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has transitioned from a voluntary add-on to a strategic necessity driven by growing societal expectations, regulatory pressures, and investor scrutiny. This systematic review examined 25 empirical articles published between 2017 and 2024, sourced from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Journal Storage (JSTOR). This review reveals the dominance of studies from Asia and consistently treats CSR as an independent variable linked to financial performance, stakeholder trust, and sustainability outcomes. These findings suggest that CSR is applied differently across regions and sectors, reflecting variations in regulatory environments and stakeholder expectations. These insights highlight the strategic importance of CSR in promoting ethical businesses and sustainable economic practices globally.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, Stakeholder Trust, Financial Performance, Strategic Management